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    The Legal Consequences of Nonrecognition: Sovereign Immunity After Maduro

    February 18, 2026By Sofia Ramirez

    For nearly 25 years, Venezuela has been controlled by “Chavismo,” a socialist movement first established by Hugo Chávez in 1999 and continued by his successor, Nicolás Maduro (“Maduro”).  Under their governance, Venezuela’s oil-dependent economy collapsed, with its Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) shrinking by roughly three-quarters between 2014 and 2021[i] and poverty surging amid shortages of food, […]

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    Employment LawFeaturedHealth CareMental Health

    Sleepless in Scrubs: Learning from Europe to Protect Patients and Physicians

    October 29, 2025By Sofia Ramirez

    Each year, escalating burnout and untreated depression drive more than 400 physicians to die by suicide.[i]  Before 1984, resident physicians often worked 90–100-hour work weeks with 24–36-hour on-call shifts.[ii]  Reform only gained traction after the highly publicized death of Liby Zion in 1984, whose care lied in the hands of sleep-deprived, overworked residents.[iii]  In response, […]

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