Executive OrderFeaturedInternational Law
The Legal Consequences of Nonrecognition: Sovereign Immunity After Maduro
February 18, 2026By Sofia Ramirez
For nearly 25 years, Venezuela has been controlled by “Chavismo,” a socialist movement first established by Hugo Chávez in 1999 and continued by his successor, Nicolás Maduro (“Maduro”). Under their governance, Venezuela’s oil-dependent economy collapsed, with its Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) shrinking by roughly three-quarters between 2014 and 2021[i] and poverty surging amid shortages of food, […]